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Project titleThesaurus of Ethnic Culture in the 21st Century: Problems of Study and Preservation (The Case of Tuvan Culture)

AffiliationFederal state budget educational institution of higher education "Tuvan State University",

Research area 08 - HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 08-701 - Theory, methodology, and history of cultural studies

Keywordsthesaurus analysis, thesaurus approach, thesaurus, subject-based organization of knowledge, method of cultural study, ethics of cultural study, ethnic culture, Tuvan culture

Annotation
The project focuses on the application of the methodological thesaurus approach to the studies of ethnic cultures, which are carried out in the context of the ethnic culture of the Tuvans. In the course of the application, it is planned to develop the studies in the emic direction. In line with this objective, the subject of the research is the thesaurus of ethnic culture, constructed with the application of the thesaurus approach proposed by the Russian scholars V.A Lukov and Vl.A. Lukov. This approach has already proved its heuristic value in both the humanities and social disciplines. It can be defined as a methodological approach that lies within the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality (in the classification by V.S. Styopin) and, in this case, represents the features of subject-based culturology (according to Vl.A. Lukov). The thesaurus of culture is defined as a systematized body of knowledge in culture that allows its subjects to orient themselves in a certain way in the environment, to understand themselves, their milieu and the world. A special attention to the issues of ethnic cultures is due to the complex condition and vulnerable position of ethnic and local cultures and their languages in the context of the globalized world and influences by different external systemic factors. It is important to establish the character and intensity of interaction between local cultural traditions and cosmopolitan trends of mass culture, as well as to assess the real state of ethnocultural traditions in the increasingly complex networks formed by this interaction. In addition, the study is directly linked to the practice of supporting ethnic cultures and their traditions in order to preserve ethnocultural variety — both within a large multicultural community the Russian Federation is and in the world at large. This is a way to preserve peace within a multicultural society which under a specific set of condition, including failures in its social and cultural policies, can see its multiculturality abused to feed social tensions, the rise of separatist, extremist and even terrorist movements threatening not just the security and welfare of the general public, but also the integrity of the whole state. Within the framework of the project, we analyze and construct the thesaurus of ethnic culture in its contemporary condition with a combination of elements of traditionality, intracultural variations, influences of different cultures, and neotraditionalism. The thesaurus is constructed by the determination of cultural worldview (the core of the thesaurus), by emphasizing and analysis of its elements — linguocultural concepts (concepts of the thesaurus) that encapsulate components of understanding oneself and the environment. It is planned to comprise the structure of the subjective organisation of knowledge in culture — the correlation of linguocultural concepts of the thesaurus of culture, their description, content analysis, tracing relations between concepts and discussion of the range of problems of various subjects (subjective variety) in culture. In the analysis of concepts, interpretations of the concepts by subjects of culture, their understanding by researchers who are insiders (i.e. the field of reflection of the subject of cognition is indicated) are significant. Lexical interpretations and studies of ethnic traditional cultures are taken into account as well. The study is also based on a number of notions from subject-oriented methodologies used in the world’s social philosophy and sociology (P. Berger and T. Luckmann’s social construction of reality, E. Goffman’s frame analysis, A. Giddens’ structuration, etc.). The development of the emic aspect of the thesaurus approach is formulated in comparison to other widespread methods of analyzing culture (on the basis of methodologies of morphological, typological, structural and functional as well as other kinds of analysis). Also studied are the general problems of emic and etic research issues, including those of the insider and outsider position of a researcher into cultural phenomena; a comparison is made between the project’s methodologies and approaches that are widely used outside of Russia in the field of cultural anthropology dealing with indigenous nations (the indigenous methodology), cultural framing studies, etc. The chosen methodological approach to research into cultures allows taking the issues of the ethics of cultural studies into account, correlating research activity with the objectives of preservation and development of culture itself and considering the problems of cognitive models of culture. The research presupposes the construction of a thesaurus of ethnic culture among 21st-century Tuvans. Their culture is seen as a local ethnic culture within a large multicultural community. The culture of the titular ethnicity of the Republic of Tyva (Tuva) within the Russian Federation is a complex one, which has had its own intricate history of formation and existence in its traditional forms for a long time. It underwent a transformation in the 20th and 21st centuries and now appears as a conjunction of a number of elements. The culture of the Tuvans was chosen for the research for a variety of reasons: 1) the contemporary condition of Tuvan culture has been studied much less than its conditions at the previous stages (in the first half of the 20th century, in Soviet times and in the late 20th century); 2) studies of Tuvan ethnic culture are an important part of research fields in the world science: Oriental and Asian studies, research into Central and Northern Asia (according to the terminology of global academic associations), studies of nomadism as well as of Buddhist cultures of the world; 3) the emic aspect in the studies of cultures implies researchers’ involvement in the culture being studied, competence in its language (this is provided by all members of the research team). In addition, the construction of a thesaurus of Tuvan culture may subsequently be a methodological basis for the analysis of different ethnic cultures. The research team includes the leader who is a follower of Valery A. Lukov (1948–2020), one of the authors of the thesaurus conception, as well as researchers and insiders who are not only proficient in Tuvan as their native language, but also study the issues of Tuvan culture in a professional way. They are socialized in this culture, involved in it and are subjects of the Tuvan cultural thesaurus. This factor allows to continue collecting materials and the research even under conditions of contemporary COVID-19 pandemics. The following objectives will have to be reached to attain the main goal of the study within three years: 1) comparing the thesaurus approach with other Russian and foreign methodologies of studying ethnic cultures in order to determine the general and special in them and to substantiate our own methodological structure of the study; 2) problematizing the emic and etic aspects of the thesaurus conception, insider/outsider status of scholars of culture, values and objectives of research activity, as well as the ethics of studying contemporary ethnic culture; 3) preliminary mapping structure of subjective organization of knowledge in culture, highlighting and analysis of the most important linguo¬culturological concepts in the thesaurus of culture; 4) collecting culturological data for the analysis of the content of concepts in different life situations and interpretations given by subjects of culture, and the final construction of the structure of the thesaurus of contemporary Tuvan culture (the core of the thesaurus and its periphery); 5) establishing the list of problems and priority of solving them in order to preserve and develop traditions of Tuvan ethnic culture and their correlation with the major trends in global culture. Empirical data for the study will be collected in special-purpose expeditions across the Republic of Tyva (Tuva). Also, insider scholars will record the norms of everyday life, ritual actions and events in which their family members, relatives and acquaintances will take part (as an act of securing the importance of fundamental preferences, according to G. Becker and S. Lindenberg’s conception of limited rationality). In the study of materials dealing with ethnic culture, the project will use the existing data from a number of social sciences and the humanities — sociology, psychology, ethnology, culturo¬logy, linguistics, etc.). For collecting, analyzing and processing empirical data various methodologies will be used, such as triangulation-based generalizing, comparative analysis, a number of survey methods (questionnaires, interviews, etc.) and observation, including participant observation. To analyze the current state of ethnocultural traditions, with an eye to their forms, either already gone or transformed and metamorphosed, methodologies of historical and logical reconstructions will be used. Also planned are the organization of academic events of different profiles, team members’ participation in various conferences, including international ones; publication of the research outcomes in authoritative journals in such disciplines as culturology, cultural anthropology and Oriental studies. The world’s most authoritative journal in Tuvan studies — “The New Research of Tuva” (nit.tuva.asia, indexed in Scopus, the first quartile of SJR-2019 in culturology and anthropology, and in the Emerging Sources Citation Index, Web of Science Core Collection) will publish a thematic issue on the problems dealt with in the project, with call for participation sent to other scholars in the field of Tuvan studies. Finally, a two-volume co-authored monograph and several popular science booklets will be published.

Expected results
The project will be implemented along several key avenues. In each of these, professional training, academic expertise and research background of the team members will guarantee the optimal outcomes: — theoretical analysis of specific features of the emic and etic studies of the thesaurus approach in culturology in the light of V.S. Styopin’s concept of the types of scientific rationality; — comparative analysis of theoretical provisions of the emic methodological approach rooted in the Russian traditions of research in the humanities, as well as in foreign experience of studies in the humanities disciplines — in particular, of social and cultural anthropology; — analysis of researchers’ value orientations and goals vis-a-vis the culture they study and the general ethical problems of studying culture as a whole; — analysis of specifics of social history and the history of Russian contributions to the study of ethnic cultures; analysis of contemporary issues of “transferring” knowledge between research centers in the field; — reconstructing the thesaurus of contemporary Tuvan ethnic culture; — analysis of the problems of contemporary ethnic cultures under globalization; — studying the issues of culturology’s social mission in its attitude to culture. Thus, the project is a comprehensive study, with its academic significance lying mainly in the development of the theoretical and methodological aspect rooted in the traditions of Russian social and humanities research. The project is set to demonstrate that Russian discipline of culturology is capable of discussing the most urgent issues of contemporary academic study of culture — that of the relations between subject and object of research cognition in the humanities; that of studying and preserving ethnic cultures in contemporary world; that of the features of emic cultural studies and ethics of research, to name only a few. All of these issues will find their treatment in the publications that members of the team will prepare, including the two-volume co-authored monograph which will set out a structure of the thesaurus of contemporary Tuvan culture and its content analysis, accompanied by a dictionary of concepts. The conceptual framework within the theoretical part of the project can be used to explain the action plan in the comprehensive programs of the economic and social development of a region (in particular, within Section 1 of such programs, which is traditionally taken by a characteristic of the current socioeconomic situation in the region). It may also be used in investing programs for enhancing human capital in Russia’s territories. The project’s materials and outcomes could also be helpful in developing programs for further studies of various ethnic cultures, and for educational purposes, such as creating academic courses in such disciplines as culturology, philosophy of culture, ethnology, anthropology, ethnopsychology and cultural linguistics.

Annotation of the results obtained in 2023
In accordance with the project plan, the overall research program, and individual plans of each team member, the collaborative manuscript of the planned collective monograph, titled “Tuva: Native Land”, was completed based on the outcomes of work in 2021, 2022, and 2023. This manuscript serves as a continuation of the monograph “Tuvans: Native People”, published as part of the project in 2022. The new monograph, totaling 340 pages, including illustrations, has been published by Nestor-History Publishers in St. Petersburg in 2023, with the following full bibliographic details: Tuva: Native Land: [collective monograph] / Lamazhaa Ch. K., Suvandii N. D., Kuzhuget Sh. Yu., Mainy Sh. B., Sanchai Ch. Kh.; edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii. — St. Petersburg: Nestor-History, 2023. — 340 p., ill. ISBN 978-5-4469-0000-0. This monograph logically extends the framework of the previous work “Tuvans: Native People” (St. Petersburg, 2022). It introduces the development of the thesaurus approach to the analysis of Tuvan ethnic culture, termed conceptualization of ethnoculture. The authors substantiate a unique methodological path for studying ethnic culture, with a particular emphasis on the challenges faced by insider-scholars within the context of Russian academia. The monograph delves into the specificities of essential concepts in the Tuvan thesaurus, such as “cher"” (earth), “dagylga” (ritual consecration), “ydyk” (sacred place), “üe” (time), and “Shagaa” (celebration of the New Year according to the lunar calendar). Additionally, the team prepared and published a bilingual monograph in Russian and Tuvan languages titled “Mal-magan. Tuvans — Livestock — Meat” (Kyzyl, 2023). The full bibliographic details are as follows: Mal-magan. Tuvans — Livestock — Meat: monograph / Lamazhaa Ch. K., Suvandii N. D., Sanchai Ch. Kh., Kuzhuget Sh. Yu., Mainy Sh. B., Mongush A. V.; edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii. Kyzyl, 2023. — 152 p. ISBN 978-5-60-50794-1-5. This monograph presents the results of an in-depth analysis of one of the concepts in Tuvan culture, “mal” (livestock), initiated in a section of the monograph “Tuvans: Native People” (St. Petersburg, 2022). The publication is illustrated with approximately 80 photos, most of which were taken by the authors themselves, while the rest were obtained from informants, adhering to copyright regulations. The collective continued fieldwork for data collection within a specified theoretical and methodological framework. The results were analyzed and promptly presented at scientific conferences throughout the year, reflected in the text of individual articles and sections of published monographs. Furthermore, the material gathered will contribute to the future monograph titled “Chalama, kadak, khey-a't-tugu... Ritual Ribbons and Flags in Tuvan Culture”, which the team plans to publish with the support of Tuva State University. The key propositions of the monographs were presented in 2023 in 19 presentations by the team at one international overseas conference, seven international conferences in Russia, four all-Russian conferences, and four regional (interuniversity and intrauniversity) scientific events. A significant scientific event in 2023 was the international scientific seminar organized by the team on May 15, 2023, in an online format, titled “Current Tuvan Studies” with the theme “Tuvan Culture through the Eyes of Tuvan Scholars”, involving scholars from the Republic of Kazakhstan. Another responsible and significant scientific event for the team was the XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia in St. Petersburg (June 26-30, 2023). Three team members (Sh. Yu. Kuzhuget, Sh. B. Mainy, and Ch. Kh. Sanchai) participated in the congress with individual reports. In addition to participating in sectional sessions, they also took part in the book and journal presentation event called “Book Potlatch” on June 28, 2023, presenting monographs and popular scientific publications of the laboratory. Another notable event for the team occurred on December 2, 2023, as part of the IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Bi-, Poly-, Translinguism and Language Education” (November 30 — December 2, 2023), held at the Institute of Russian Language at the RUDN University of, Moscow. Within this conference, a round table titled “Philological Projections of Comparative Tuvan Studies” was organized, where the main presentation was given by Ch. K. Lamazhaa and N. D. Suvandii. Having initially planned no fewer than 10 publications on the project theme, including at least 3 articles in publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection or Scopus databases, the team exceeded the plan by preparing and publishing 2 scientific monographs and 15 articles by the end of 2023. Among these, 7 articles were published in international Q1 journals. The team initiated and actively participated in a special issue of the journal “ The New Research of Tuva” (Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus Q1, Q2) in January 2023, with the theme “Land in Modern Tuvan Culture” (https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/issue/view/57), where 4 articles were published. In early 2023, an annotated catalog of publications by the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology of Tuva State University for the years 2021–2022 was prepared and released. The catalog provides full bibliographic details, abstracts, and links to the full texts of publications: Annotated Catalog of Main Scientific Publications of the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology of Tuva State University. 2021–2022 / edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa and N. D. Suvandii. — Kyzyl, 2023. — 56 p. (available in the electronic library of the Tuva.Asia portal: https://www.tuva.asia/lib/books_tuva/9523-annotirovannyy-katalog.html). After the release of the last planned publication of the laboratory in 2024, the team will prepare and release another annotated catalog of publications for all three years, covering 2021–2023, in the same design. Given that all project participants simultaneously serve as instructors for humanities disciplines at the university level, each has incorporated project materials into the educational process and will continue to do so in the future. RESPONSES, REVIEWS: Reviews of our publications and mentions of the project were published in 2023: Amalbekovaа M. B. and Shagimgereyeva B. E. Essays on modern Tuvan culture. Turkic Studies Journal, 2023, no. 1, pp. 160–167. DOI: http://doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2023-1-160-167; Bakhtikireeva U. M., Sinyachkin V. P. Social-cultural features of the contemporary Tuvan society. RUDN Journal Of Sociology, 2023, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 189–196. DOI: http://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2023-23-4-189-195 Popkov Yu. Ethnocultural Neotraditionalism: Reflexive Integration Theoretical Model. Etnografia, 2023, issue 3 (21), pp. 203–223. DOI: http://doi.org/10.31250/2618-8600-2023-3(21)-203-223

Publications

1. Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. Отношение тувинцев к земле в тувинской литературе XX–XXI вв. Новые исследования Тувы, 2023, № 1. С. 64-79. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2023.1.4

2. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Kuzhuget Sh.Iu., Mainy Sh.B. Тувинский семейный фотоальбом (социальные практики создания и хранения) Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России, - (year - 2024)

3. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Sanchai Ch.Kh., Mongush A.V. Ритуальные ленты и флаги в практике современных тувинцев Новые исследования Тувы, - (year - 2023)

4. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D. Особенности работы ученых-инсайдеров в российских регионах Полилингвиальность и транскультурные практики, - (year - 2023)

5. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D. Концепты-формы и концепты-идеи тувинской культуры «Түркі руна ескерткіштерін зерттеу мәселелері», Түркі руна ескерткіштерін зерттеу мәселелер / халықаралық ғылыми- практикалық конференциясының материалдары (25 мамыр 2023 жыл). – Астана: Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы ЕҰУ, 2023. – 376 б. - C. 59-67 (year - 2023)

6. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Mongush A.V. Святое в тувинской культуре: прошлое и современность Новые исследования Тувы, 2023, № 3. С. 220-241. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2023.3.14

7. Mainy Sh.B. Представления о чер ‘земле’ современных тувинцев Новые исследования Тувы, 2023, № 1. С. 38-63. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2023.1.3

8. Sanchai Ch.Kh. Образы родной земли в музыкально-песенной культуре тувинцев Новые исследования Тувы, 2023, № 1. С. 80-109. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2023.1.5

9. Sanchay Ch.Kh. Общественное празднование тувинского нового года Шагаа Северо-Восточный гуманитарный вестник, - (year - 2023)

10. Suvandii N.D. Чер ‘земля’ в паремиях тувинцев Новые исследования Тувы, № 1. С. 26-37. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2023.1.2

11. Suvandii N.D. Шагаа в современной праздничной культуре тувинцев (по результатам опроса) Знание. Понимание. Умение, 2023. № 2. С. 195-206 (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.17805/zpu.2023.2.15

12. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu., Mainy Sh.B., Sanchay Ch.Kh. Тува : Родная земля Тува : Родная земля. СПб.: Нестор-История, СПб. : Нестор-История, 2023. — 340 с., ил. (year - 2023)

13. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Sanchai Ch.Kh., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu., Mainy Sh.B., Mongush A.V. Мал-маган. Тувинцы — скот — мясо Мал-маган. Тувинцы — скот — мясо. Кызыл: б.и., Кызыл, 2023. — 152 с. (year - 2023)

14. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Тезаурусный подход и этнические культуры Научное наследие И. А. Аргунова и современная гуманитарная наука, Научное наследие И. А. Аргунова и современная гуманитарная наука / [Редкол.: Т.С. Ермолаев, А.Г. Томаска, Н.А. Аргылов]. – Якутск: Издательский дом СВФУ, 2023. С. 37-45. (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.25693/Sb_Argunov2023

15. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Kuzhuget Sh.Iu., Mainy Sh.B. Семейные фотоальбомы тувинцев сегодня Этнография Алтая и сопредельных территорий, Вып. 11. С. 118-119 (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.37386/2687-0592-2023-11-118-119

16. Sanchay Ch.Kh. Образы родной земли в народных песнях тувинцев Хоомей (горловое пение) - феномен культуры народов Центральной Азии, С. 117-122 (year - 2023)

17. Suvandii N.D. Лексико-семантические группы текстов песен горлового пения тувинцев Хоомей (горловое пение) - феномен культуры народов Центральной Азии, С. 127-133 (year - 2023)

Annotation of the results obtained in 2021
1) In order to organize the work of the project team effectively, the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology was established at Tuvan State University in May 2021. All members of the team project are officially employed as researchers at the laboratory: Ch. K. Lamazhaa, the project manager is the head of the laboratory, N. D. Suvandii, U. P. Bicheldey, Sh. Yu. Kuzhuget and Sh. B. Mainy are senior researchers, A. V. Mongush is a junior researcher. The laboratory is located in a separate room, an office in one of the buildings of the University (postal address: Office 107, Bldg. B, 9 Mongusha Sata St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation), the university have purchased equipment for the work (computers, software, multifunction printer and scanner). 2) A logo has been created and the laboratory’s website has been developed (http://ethnolab.tuvsu.ru). The project’s materials are uploaded to the website. Social media pages (Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ethnolab.tuvsu; VKontakte: https://vk.com/public206991902) have been created for posting news reports of the laboratory as well as a video channel on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCeJJcBDbjn_nH59E6LGtsw) has been launched for the publication of the laboratory’s video content. 3) A research program has been developed and is being implemented, a data collection plan and a schedule for the preparation of popular science publications have been specified, and an outline of a two-volume monograph has been drawn up to prepare and publish it within the framework of the general three-year program. 4) To justify the need to update research approaches to the study of contemporary Tuvan culture, the project manager has summarized the main issues of Tuvan studies. They are combined into essays that have been prepared and published in a separate monograph “Essays on Contemporary Tuvan Culture” (St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2021. 192 p. ISBN 978-5-4469-2013-6 https://nestorbook.ru/lamazhaa-chimiza-ocherki-sovremennoy-tuvinskoy-kultury) by Ch. K. Lamazhaa. 5) During the summer season (June — July 2021), all the team members took part in collecting materials on the rite of dagylga (consecration of natural objects and territories). They prepared descriptions of 11 types of rites conducted by different kinship groups of the Tuvans in different regions of Tuva. The descriptions were prepared according to a single template in Russian and Tuvan, including interviews with participants of the ceremonies. Photo and video recordings of the rites were taken. The materials were included in the popular science book entitled “Dagylga: Tuvan Rites of Consecration in the 21st century” (edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa and N. D. Suvandii; Kyzyl, 2021. ISBN 978-5-6044448-1-8). The Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology at Tuvan State University was a part of the working group of the Government of the Republic of Tuva on the preparation of a list of intangible cultural objects and traditions of the Tuvans. This also made it possible to supplement this publication with an extract from the passport of one of the objects — dagylga. 6) During the summer and autumn periods of 2021, transcripts of 20 interviews with Tuvans of different genders and ages who worked in various fields were recorded and prepared in Tuvan and translated into Russian. The interviewed people were asked about the concepts of Tuvan culture. The texts of these interviews will form the basis of the analysis of individual concepts and will be used in the preparation of the two-volume monograph, as well as in articles that will be published in 2022 and 2023. 7) The features of the issue of researcher’s subjectivity in relation to the studied culture were analyzed using the example of the work of Tuvan scholars who are insiders and outsiders. They have been researching Tuvan culture for more than two centuries (since the end of the 19th century). We also have provided an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the research capabilities of each of the two groups. 8) As part of the work on individual concepts (tөrel — relatives, dagylga — consecration rite, uruglar — children), special studies have been conducted to analyze the modified forms of concepts of Tuvan culture, the peculiarities of their contemporary functioning and changes in their perception and interpretations by the Tuvan people. 9) The results of the collection of materials, their analysis, as well as the presentation of the Laboratory and its research program were approved throughout 2021 by all members of the team at 13 conferences of different levels, including three international conferences that took place abroad: 1) The 12th International Convention of Asia Scholars: Crafting a Global Future was held on August 24–28, 2021 in Kyoto (organized by Kyoto Seika University, Japan, and the ICAS Secretariat); 2) The 14th International Conference of the Russian Association of Researchers of Women’s History (RARWH) was held on September 30 — October 3, 2021 in Chisinau (organized by the RARWH and the National Museum of History of Moldova); 3) The 15th Annual Conference on Asian Studies (ACAS) in Olomouc (organized by Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic). 10) A special issue of the journal “New Research of Tuva” (no. 4, 2021; Scopus SJR-2020 Q1, ESCI WoS CC) was published. It deals with the topic “Tөrelder. Family ties among Tuvans”. It was edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, Doctor of Philosophy, and guest-edited by Melissa Chakars, Ph.D. (Saint Joseph’s University, USA): https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/issue/view/52. The issue contains 6 articles on the special topic, 5 articles were prepared by members of the project team. 11) The team members prepared and discussed 6 out of 9 planned sections of the 1st volume of the monograph “Thesaurus of Contemporary Tuvan Culture” that is to be published in 2022. 12) Overall the results of the laboratory’s work in 2021 have been published in 8 articles in academic journals: 7 articles were published in the journal indexed in Scopus SJR-2020 Q1 and ESCI WoS CC, 1 — in the journal that is included in the Higher Attestation Commission’s List. 13) The Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology at Tuvan State University has made agreements on cooperation with scientific and cultural institutions of Tuva, including agreements on academic and practical cooperation of Tuvan State University (the contractor is the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology) with the Institute for Development of the National School of the Republic of Tuva, the International Academy “Khoomei” of the Republic of Tuva and the Center for the Development of Tuvan Traditional Culture and Crafts.

Publications

1. Bredis M. A., Ivanov Eu. Eu., Lomakina O. V., Nelyubova N. Yu., Kuzhuget Sh. Yu. Лексикографическое описание тувинских пословиц: принципы, структура, этнолингвокультурологический комментарий (на европейском паремиологическом фоне) Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 143-160. (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.11

2. Kuzhuget Sh. Yu., Suvandii N.D., Lamazhaa Ch.K. Проблема перевода концептов культуры на другой язык: на примере тувинских концептов культуры Полилингвальность и транскультурные практики, Т. 18, № 4. С. 405-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2618-897X-2021-18-4-405-420 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.22363/2618-897X-2021-18-4-405-420

3. Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. История родственной группы кужугет из Барун-Хемчикского района Тувы Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 31-45 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.3

4. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Социальная культура тувинцев и онлайн-пространство Новые исследования Тувы, № 2, с. 115-129. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.2.10 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.2.10

5. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Основные проблемы исследования родства и родственных групп современных тувинцев: паспортизация, терминология и поддержание родства Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 6-21 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.1

6. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Дети для тувинцев: изменения отношения в социокультурных трансформациях Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 57-75. (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.5

7. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Bicheldei U.P., Mongush A.V., Suvandii N.D., Mainy Sh.B., Kuzhuget Sh. Yu. Тезаурусный подход Вал. А. и Вл. А. Луковых и новый проект исследования современной тувинской этнической культуры Горизонты гуманитарного знания, № 4. (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.17805/ggz.2021.4.7

8. Mainy Sh.B. Семейный обряд хылбык дой городских тувинцев Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 76-88. (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.6

9. Suvandii N.D. Термины родства у родовой группы монгушей с. Аянгаты Барун-Хемчикского района Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 22-30 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.2

10. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Очерки современной тувинской культуры Очерки современной тувинской культуры. СПб.: Нестор-История, СПб.: Нестор-История, 2021. (year - 2021)

11. Bicheldey U.P., Mongush A.V. Renewal of the rite of consecration of the river in Tuva: Traditions and innovations 15th Annual Conference on Asian Studies. Book of Abstract. Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc., C. 22-23 (year - 2021)

12. Bicheldey U.P., Mongush A.V. Обряды дагылга и родовые отношения у современных тувинцев Материалы международного симпозиума хакасского эпоса, VIII международной научной конференции "Народы и культуры саяно-алтая и сопредельных территорий",посвященной 300-летию открытия памятников енисейской письменности и году хакасского эпоса в респ.Хакасия, (23-25 сентября 2021 г.) Абакан: Хакасский научно-исследовательский институт языка, литературы и истории. С. 206-209 (year - 2021)

13. Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. Культ огня в праздничной культуре горожан Тувы XIV Конгресс антропологов и этнологов России : сб. материалов. Томск, 6–9 июля 2021 г. М.; Томск: Издательство Томского государственного университета, С. 112 (year - 2021)

14. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Тувинцы и социальные сети: локализация в виртуальном пространстве XIV Конгресс антропологов и этнологов России : сб. материалов. Томск, 6–9 июля 2021 г. М.; Томск: Издательство Томского государственного университета., С. 696-697 (year - 2021)

15. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Тезаурусы тувинской культуры XXI века: особенности исследовательского проекта Материалы международного симпозиума хакасского эпоса, VIII международной научной конференции "Народы и культуры саяно-алтая и сопредельных территорий"… Абакан: Хакасский научно-исследовательский институт языка, литературы и истории., C. 219-222 (year - 2021)

16. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Женский вопрос в тувиноведении: от этнографии к феминистской антропологии Женская история сегодня: источниковедение, историография, новые методологические подходы. Материалы XIV Международной научной конференции РАИЖИ и ИЭА РАН, Кишинев, 30 сент. – 3 окт. 2021 г. М.: ИЭА РАН., С. 38-41 (year - 2021)

17. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Изучение и сохранение традиций проведения тувинского обряда дагылга V Российский культурологический конгресс с международным участием «Культурное наследие — от прошлого к будущему» : программа и тезисы докладов. Санкт-Петербург, 8–10 ноября 2021 г. СПб.; М.: Институт наследия., С. 177-178 (year - 2021) https://doi.org/10.34685/HI.2020.25.32.004

18. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Features of insider research on the ethnic culture of the Tuvans 15th Annual Conference on Asian Studies. Book of Abstract. Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc., С. 50 (year - 2021)

19. Mainy Sh.B. Семейные обряды тувинцев сегодня Материалы международного симпозиума хакасского эпоса, VIII международной научной конференции "Народы и культуры саяно-алтая и сопредельных территорий"… Абакан: Хакасский научно-исследовательский институт языка, литературы и истории., C. 288-291 (year - 2021)

20. Mainy Sh.B. Современная праздничная культура Тувы XIV Конгресс антропологов и этнологов России : сб. материалов. Томск, 6–9 июля 2021 г. М.; Томск: Издательство Томского государственного университета, С. 717 (year - 2021)

21. Suvandii N.D. Шагаа - традиционный национальный праздник тувинцев XIV Конгресс антропологов и этнологов России : сб. материалов. Томск, 6–9 июля 2021 г. М.; Томск: Издательство Томского государственного университета, С. 116-117 (year - 2021)

22. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu., Mainy Sh.B., Badyrgy M.M., Bicheldey U.P., Mongush A.V. and Ondar A.A. Дагылга: тувинские обряды освящения в XXI веке Кызыл, 2021, 188 с. (year - 2021)

23. - Популяризатор тувинской науки Тувинская правда, Монгуш М. В. Популяризатор тувинской науки // Тувинская правда. 2021, 15 сентября. (year - )

24. - Культура этноса - кладезь знаний Тувинский университет, Культура этноса - кладезь знаний // Тувинский университет. 2021, № 6 (120), Июнь. С. 2. (year - )

Annotation of the results obtained in 2022
In 2022, the research team continued working on the project in the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology (https://ethnolab.tuvsu.ru/) that was specially established as a structural unit of Tuvan State University (TuvSU) in 2021. According to the project plan, the general research program and individual plans of each team member, we have completed the manuscript of our joint monograph based on the results of the research conducted in 2021 and 2022. The monograph came out in the Nestor-Historia Publishing House in St. Petersburg under the title “Tuvans. Native People” (St. Petersburg : Nestor-Historia, 2022. 344 p., ill. ISBN 978-5-4469-2083-9), its volume is 27.7 printer’s sheets. The book is written by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii, Sh. Yu. Kuzhuget and Sh. B. Maina, edited by Ch. K. Lamazhaa and N. D. Suvandii. The monograph “Tuvans. Native People” outlines the main theoretical points of the project and its first results. It presents an analysis of the first five concepts of Tuvan ethnic culture (in our next book we are planning to highlight five other concepts). The first chapter of the monograph examines the issue of the insider (internal) and outsider (external) positions of researchers and features of their analysis of ethnic culture. It presents a periodization of the history of Tuvan ethnic culture, as well as a periodization of the history of Tuvan studies — the outsider and insider ones. We show the similarities and differences between the thesaurus approach and similar methodological approaches, comparable concepts and ideas (cognitive linguistics, emic and etic approaches, indigenous methodology, studies of universals and unique features of cultures, decolonial approaches). The authors explain the possibilities of applying three ideas (among many other ideas of the thesaurus approach) to the study of Tuvan ethnic culture: the idea of concept, the idea of thesaurus self-regulation and the idea of sociocultural subjectivity of the thesaurus. The second chapter presents an analysis of five concepts from the site of the Tuvan thesaurus that is closest to the person (one’s own / proper): törel (kinfolks, relatives), ög (yurt, one’s own house), kuda (wedding, family creation), urug-daryg (children), mal (cattle, meat, food). Each of the concepts is analyzed and presented not just as a traditional cultural value, but as a cultural concept that changes its meaning and form, i.e. it has the property of historical variability, and as the one that the Tuvans keep up today not only in the traditional form, but also in new sociocultural practices. The most important concept of the close field of the thesaurus is tөrel (kinfolks, relatives). The research team has prepared a popular science publication about the concept of ög (yurt). It is entitled “Öövus. The Return of the Tuvan Yurt” (Kyzyl, 2022). The edition was compiled by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, N. D. Suvandii, Sh. Yu. Kuzhuget, Sh. B. Mainy, Ch. Kh. Sanchai, and A. V. Mongush. The introduction was written by Ch. K. Lamazhaa, the translation of the text into Tuvan is by N. D. Suvandii. The book was published in the Offset Printing House (Krasnoyarsk). Although there are few Tuvans living in the yurt (stockbreeders), nonetheless, the yurt has not lost its significance as an image of an ideal home. Moreover, the image of the yurt has become very popular and the team has found it in the architecture of buildings, in the interior design of premises, in tourist hotels, restaurants and souvenirs, in art (fine arts, theater), in book production, literature, jewelry, and logos, as well as in the form of summer houses built on private land of town dwellers and villagers. The main idea of the publication is related to the authors’ interpretation of this sociocultural phenomenon as nostalgic nomadism. In cooperation and with support from Tuvan research, educational, and cultural organizations, as well as from individuals (scholars, cultural workers, journalists, etc.), the authors have collected a large photo archive representing various forms of contemporary presence of the yurt. The book includes 209 photographs. The publication is available in the electronic library of the portal "Tuva.Asia": https://www.tuva.asia/lib/books_tuva/9520-yurta.html In 2022, the main points of the monograph “Tuvans. Native People” and the popular science book “Öövus. The Return of the Tuvan Yurt” were introduced in 19 papers at two international conferences abroad, eight international conferences in Russia, two All-Russian conferences and two regional (interuniversity and intrauniversity) academic events. The head of the research team Ch. K. Lamazhaa delivered an invited keynote speech “The Insider Studies of Tuvan Ceremonies: Examples of Dagylga Family Rituals” at a special seminar of the Center for Mongolian and Siberian Studies (CEMS) of the Practical School of Higher Studies (l'École Pratique des Hautes Études; Paris, France) on May 16, 2022: https://gsrl-cnrs.fr/seminaire-cems-chimiza-lamazhaa-the-insider-of-tuvan-ceremonies-examples-of-dagylga-family-rituals/ In order to share experience and discuss methodological features of research into concepts of ethnic culture, issues of linguistic and cultural studies, the Laboratory organized the International research online seminar “Current Tuvan Studies”. The first meeting was held on February 11, 2022. The main presentation was made by an invited speaker — Victoria Peemot, PhD, researcher in the Department of Indigenous Studies at the University of Helsinki (Finland). The topic of the speech is “The Horse in My Blood: Social Relations in the Triad Man — Horse — Homeland in the Republic of Tuva”. The laboratory staff and participants from different Russian and foreign research centers took part in the discussion of the presentation (https://tuva.asia/news/tuva/9487-akt-tuvinovedenie.html). In 2022, the research team prepared 19 publications, including 6 articles in journals indexed in international databases, 6 of the journals are included in Q1 and Q2 of the SJR (Scopus) (“Ethnography” (1), “Inner Asia” (1), “The New Research of Tuva” (3), “Oriental Studies” (1)). The article “Unknown Asian Russia: Nomadic, Turkic-speaking, Buddhist Tuva Facing Modern Challenges” by Ch. K. Lamazhaa is based on her speech at the 12th International Convention of Asia Scholars — Crafting a Global Future (August 24–28, 2021, Kyoto, Japan). It was published in the conference proceedings that are indexed in Web of Science (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5117/9789048557820/ICAS.2022.037). In the early 2022, we prepared and released the 2021 annotated catalog of publications written by researchers of the Laboratory of Ethnology and Linguoculturology at TuvSU. It includes publishers’ imprints, abstracts and links to the full texts of the publications: https://www.tuva.asia/lib/books_tuva/9518-ann-katalog.html.

Publications

1. Darzha U.A., Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget M.A. Народные приметы тувинцев: типология и особенности Новые исследования Тувы, № 4. С. 213-224. (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.4.16

2. Lamazhaa Ch. K. Unknown Asian Russia: Nomadic, Turkic-speaking, Buddhist Tuva Facing Modern Challenges Asian Studies, The Twelfth International Convention of Asia Scholars (ICAS 12), Jun 2022, Volume 1, p. 296-308 (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.5117/9789048557820/ICAS.2022.037

3. Lamazhaa Ch. K. The new life of the yurt: Tuvan version of nostalgic nomadism Inner Asia, vol. 25, issue 2, pp. 248-276 (year - 2023) https://doi.org/10.1163/22105018-02502022

4. Lamazhaa Ch. K. and Bakhtikireeva U. M. «Проклятые жизни» и ценностный кризис в тувинском обществе Новые исследования Тувы, № 1. С.266-275. (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.1.18

5. Lamazhaa Ch. K., Kuzhuget Sh. Yu. and Mongush A. V. Хой эъди ‘баранина’ для тувинцев: идентичность, удобство, ответственность Этнография, № 4. С. 151-174 (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.31250/2618-8600-2022-4(18)-151-174

6. Mainy Sh.B., Lamazhaa Ch.K. Тувинская традиция передачи старых детских вещей эргинди Oriental Studies, Т. 15, № 5, с. 1050-1063. (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-63-5-1050-1063

7. Prosyannikova O. I., Skorik K. V. and Kuzhuget Sh. Yu. Диалогичность обрядовой поэзии: средства реализации и функционирование в тувинских благопожеланиях и алгышах Новые исследования Тувы, № 1. С. 69-89. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.1.5 (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.1.5

8. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu., Mainy Sh.B. Тувинцы. Родные люди Нестор-История, г. Санкт-Петербург, СПб. : Нестор- История, 2022. — 344 с., ил. (year - 2022)

9. Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. Хой эъди 'баранина' в малых жанрах устного народного творчества тувинцев Сохранение и развитие языков и культур коренных народов Сибири. Абакан: Хакасское книжное издательство имени В.М.Торосова., С. 153-154. (year - 2022)

10. Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. Хой эъди 'баранина' в фольклоре тувинцев Этнокультурное наследие народов Алтая. Горно-Алтайск: БНУ РА «Научно-исследовательский институт алтаистики им. С.С. Суразакова»., С. 521-526. (year - 2022)

11. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Юрта в современной тувинской культуре Мир Центральной Азии - V: сборник научных статей. Новосибирск: СО РАН., С. 320-322 (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_320

12. Lamazhaa Ch.K. Вехи вековой истории изучения тувинской культуры Вековой путь развития Тувы: исторический, политический, экономический, социокультурный и экологический аспекты. Кызыл: ТИГПИ., С. 101-105 (year - 2022)

13. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Традиция передачи старых вещей между родственниками у тувинцев V Центральноазиатские исторические чтения. Кызыл: Издательство ТувГУ., С. 118-122. (year - 2022)

14. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Из истории тувинской традиции передачи старых вещей "эргинди" Актуальные вопросы исследования этноэкологических и этнокультурных традиций народов Саяно-Алтая. Кызыл: Изд-во ТувГУ., С. 21-24 (year - 2022)

15. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Детские вещи и практики их передачи в традициях тувинцев Семья и дети в современном мире. Сборник материалов конференции «Семья и дети в современном мире». Том VII. Кызыл: Изд-во ТувГУ., С. 197-200 (year - 2022)

16. Lamazhaa Ch.K., Mainy Sh.B. Тувинская традиция передачи старых вещей ICAS 2022. Ulaanbaatar, С. 213-216 (year - 2022)

17. Mainy Sh.B. Традиция передачи вещей эргинди в культуре детства тувинцев Мир Центральной Азии - V: сборник научных статей. Новосибирск: СО РАН., С. 323-325 (year - 2022) https://doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_323

18. Mongush A.V. Современные тувинские дагылга: проблемы проведения и изучения (на примере Чыдыг-Арыгнын дагылгазы) Актуальные вопросы социально-экономического и культурного развития Республики Хакасия (1991-2021). Абакан: Хакасское книжное издательство., С. 99-105 (year - 2021)

19. Sanchay Ch.Kh. Культурные практики в профессиональном искусстве (праздник Шагаа) Искусство Востока и Восток в искусстве: от традиционных форм к современным арт-практикам. М.: ИВ РАН., С.52-54. (year - 2022)

20. Suvandii N.D. Мал 'скот' в пословицах и поговорках тувинцев Этнокультурное наследие народов Алтая. Горно-Алтайск: БНУ РА «Научно-исследовательский институт алтаистики им. С.С. Суразакова»., С. 526-533 (year - 2022)

21. Suvandii N.D. Аът "лошадь" в пословицах и поговорках тувинцев Сохранение и развитие языков и культур коренных народов Сибири. Абакан: Хакасское книжное издательство имени В.М.Торосова., С. 169-170 (year - 2022)

22. Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Iu., Lamazhaa Ch.K. Проблема перевода концептов культуры на другой язык (на примере тувинских концептов культуры) V Фирсовские чтения. Современные языки, коммуникация и миграция в условиях глобализации. М.: РУДН., С. 484-487 (year - 2021)

23. Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu. Современные формы обряда дагылга Вековой путь развития Тувы: исторический, политический, экономический, социокультурный и экологический аспекты. Кызыл: ТИГПИ., С. 119-121 (year - 2022)

24. Lamazhaa Ch. K., Suvandii N. D., Kuzhuget Sh. Iu., Mainy Sh. B., Sanchai Ch. Kh., Mongush A. V. Өөвүс. Возвращение тувинской юрты Кызыл: б. и., 85 с. (year - 2022)

25. - Личный космос тувинцев Тувинский университет, Ламажаа Ч. Личный космос тувинцев // Тувинский университет. 2022. № 1. С. 3. (year - )