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14 октября, 2022 12:42

"Positive effect": Russian scientists have created a drug for late rehabilitation after a stroke

Источник: Teller Report
Russian scientists have developed a new drug to restore brain function after a stroke. The drug has already passed preclinical tests on laboratory animals. The substance-treated rats began to show good health after an artificially induced stroke faster than the rodents from the control group. It is important that the therapeutic effect was observed even if the subjects received the drug a day after the brain hemorrhage: it was previously believed that only the help that was provided to patients no later than six hours after the stroke had an effect.
Источник: пресс-служба РНФ
Scientists from the Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov and the National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology named after V.P. Serbsky developed a drug for the rehabilitation of patients after a stroke. The drug is effective even when used a day after the hemorrhage, which expands the possibility of helping patients. Previously, it was believed that only therapy that is effective within the first six hours after a stroke is effective. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF). The results are published in the journal Molecules.

Scientists conducted preclinical tests of a new substance on cell cultures and laboratory rats. The rodents treated with the drug demonstrated better health, restoration of motor functions and were more active than animals from the control group. Although the rats received the drug for only five days and a day after the artificially induced hemispheric stroke, the recovery of the experimental subjects still proceeded quite rapidly. This means that the drug is able to have a positive effect even after the "golden hours" (the so-called first six hours after a stroke).

“There is a rule of the so-called golden hours: it is necessary to help the patient within six hours after a stroke, so that the consequences are minimal. In our country, there are a large number of areas remote from regional centers, so it is not always possible to comply with this rule — it was not by chance that we waited the whole day before injecting the medicine into our experimental subjects, ”said Vadim Negrebetsky, Doctor of Chemistry, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, in a comment to RT Research and Testing Center of the Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov.

According to the authors of the work, a substance of the racetam class was used as the basis for the new drug. These compounds have long been used as nootropics, but studies have also shown the ability of racetams to speed up the rehabilitation of patients after a stroke. The authors of the work chemically modified this substance to increase its biological activity. The damage that brain tissue receives during a stroke triggers the inflammatory process. Normally, inflammation is part of the recovery mechanism, but in practice it often becomes chronic and begins to interfere with tissue regeneration.

Scientists have found that the use of a new drug leads to a tenfold increase in the content of special interleukins (a type of immune molecule) in the affected area of ​​​​the brain, which reduce inflammation and stop the destruction of nerve tissues. In addition, experiments have shown that the new drug can reduce the concentration of astrocytes in the area of ​​damage — auxiliary brain cells that normally carry nutrients from the blood to neurons.

However, in a stroke, they can lead to scarring at the site of the hemorrhage and increase inflammation, which prevents tissues from recovering normally. Therefore, a decrease in the number of astrocytes at the site of injury can also accelerate rehabilitation, the authors note.

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